isebenza kanjani i-diesel generator

Amajeneretha edizili ayimithombo yamandla ethembekile eguqula amandla amakhemikhali agcinwe kuphethiloli wedizili abe amandla kagesi. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekunikezeni amandla ayisipele ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo kuya ekunikezeni amandla ezindaweni ezikude lapho ugesi wegridi ungatholakali. Ukuqonda ukuthi ijeneretha kadizili isebenza kanjani kuhilela ukuhlola izingxenye zayo eziyisisekelo kanye nezinqubo ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwazo ukuze ziphehle ugesi.

Izingxenye Eziyisisekelo Zejeneretha Yedizili

Isistimu yokukhiqiza udizili ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: injini (ikakhulukazi, injini yedizili) kanye ne-alternator (noma ijeneretha). Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ngokubambisana ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi.

1. Injini Kadizili: Injini kadizili iyinhliziyo yohlelo lokuphehla ugesi. Iyinjini evuthayo eshisa uphethiloli wedizili ukuze ikhiqize amandla emishini ngendlela yokunyakaza okuzungezayo. Izinjini zikadizili zaziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside, ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokunakekela.

2. I-alternator: I-alternator iguqula amandla emishini akhiqizwa injini yedizili abe amandla kagesi. Lokhu ikwenza ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-electromagnetic induction, lapho amandla kazibuthe azungezayo enza khona amandla kagesi esethi yamakhoyili alinyazwe phakathi kwensimbi.

Isimiso Sokusebenza

Umgomo wokusebenza kwejeneretha yedizili ungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa:

1. I-Fuel Injection kanye Nokushiswa: Injini ye-diesel isebenza ngesimiso sokucindezela-ukuvutha. Umoya udonselwa kumasilinda enjini ngamavalvu okungenisa bese ucindezelwa kumfutho ophakeme kakhulu. Esiqongweni sokucindezelwa, uphethiloli we-diesel ujovwa kumasilinda ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Ukushisa nokucindezela kubangela ukuba uphethiloli uvutha ngokuzenzekelayo, ukhiphe amandla ngendlela yamagesi andayo.

2. I-Piston Movement: Amagesi andayo asunduza amapiston phansi, aguqule amandla omlilo abe amandla emishini. Ama-piston axhunywe ku-crankshaft ngezinduku zokuxhuma, futhi ukunyakaza kwawo okuya phansi kuzungeza i-crankshaft.

3. I-Mechanical Energy Transfer: I-crankshaft ejikelezayo ixhunywe ku-rotor ye-alternator (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-armature). Njengoba i-crankshaft ijikeleza, iphendulela i-rotor ngaphakathi kwe-alternator, idale insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo.

4. I-Electromagnetic Induction: Inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo isebenzisana namakhoyili e-stator amile azungeze umgogodla wensimbi we-alternator. Lokhu kusebenzisana kudala i-alternating electric current (AC) kumakhoyili, abese enikezwa kumthwalo kagesi noma agcinwe ebhethrini ukuze asetshenziswe kamuva.

5. Umthetho kanye Nokulawula: Amandla kagesi okukhipha ijeneretha kanye nefrikhwensi kulawulwa uhlelo lokulawula, olungase luhlanganise isilawuli sikagesi esizenzakalelayo (AVR) kanye nombusi. I-AVR igcina i-voltage ephumayo ezingeni elingaguquki, kuyilapho umbusi elungisa ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli enjinini ukuze kugcinwe isivinini esingaguquki futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, imvamisa yokuphuma njalo.

6. Ukupholisa kanye Ne-Exhaust: Injini kadizili ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokushisa ngesikhathi sokusha. Isistimu yokupholisa, ngokuvamile esebenzisa amanzi noma umoya, ibalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lenjini ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ephephile. Ukwengeza, inqubo yokuvutha ikhiqiza amagesi aphumayo, akhishwa ngesistimu yokukhipha umoya.

Isifinyezo

Kafushane, ijeneretha kadizili isebenza ngokuguqula amandla ekhemikhali agcinwe kuphethiloli wedizili abe amandla emishini ngokusha enjinini kadizili. La mandla emishini abe esedluliselwa ku-alternator, lapho eguqulwa abe amandla kagesi ngokufakwa kwe-electromagnetic. Inqubo ilawulwa ngokucophelela futhi ilawulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile nokuthembekile. Amajeneretha edizili asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokuqina kwawo, ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo.